Everything about Treaty Of Alliance totally explained
The
Franco-American Alliance (also called the
Treaty of Alliance) was a
pact between
France and the
Second Continental Congress, representing the
United States government, signed in
Paris by French and U.S. officials in
May 1778. It stated that the two countries agreed to aid each other into the indefinite future in the event of
British attack. Further, neither country would make amends with
London until the independence of the
Thirteen Colonies was recognized. The treaty also stated that neither the Americans nor the French would conclude treaties with other nations unless
diplomats from both countries were present during negotiations. It was mutually beneficial for only five years, from the years 1778 to
1783 and was
abrogated late in the year
1799 in the aftermath of "the
XYZ Affair".
As the
American Revolutionary War was already underway, the treaty's primary purpose was to formally provide for French participation in the war. The treaty came about following the success of
Congressional forces in the
Battles of Saratoga (
New York), when French leaders were convinced that the Americans could indeed prevail against their former British rulers. It engaged France directly in the conflict and produced a tremendous advantage, both financial and psychological, for the Americans. This would later prove decisive at the final major battle, the
siege of Yorktown, when the presence of both French land and naval forces in the
Continental Army convinced the British General,
Cornwallis, that a continuation of his campaign was hopeless. Scholars generally agree that
the Alliance was in large part responsible for the severely impoverished French economy during the reign of
Louis XVI Bourbon and therefore, was one factor for the raucous popular unrest which generated the
Revolution of
1789.
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